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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2021-1-4-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1499</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERT RECOMMENDATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ЭКСПЕРТОВ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Clinical manifestations and issues of diagnosis of chronic cerebrovascular disease (chronic cerebral ischemia) at an early (pre-dementia) stage</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинические проявления и вопросы диагностики хронического цереброваскулярного заболевания (хронической ишемии головного мозга) на ранней (додементной) стадии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулеш</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulesh</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Кулеш</p><p>614590, Пермь, ул. Петропавловская, 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey Aleksandrovich Kulesh</p><p>26, Petropavlovskaya St., Perm 614590</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емелин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголепова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolepova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доронина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doronina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>630091, Новосибирск, Красный проспект, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>52, Krasnyi Prospect, Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоколов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolokolov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>410000, Саратов, ул. Большая Садовая, 137</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>137, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Saratov 410000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>61/2, Shchepkin St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корсунская</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korsunskaya</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Республика Крым, 295051, Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5/7, Lenin Boulevard, Simferopol 295051, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутлубаев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutlubaev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450000, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenin St., Ufa 450000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ласков</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laskov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>305000, Курск, ул. К. Маркса, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, K. Marx St., Kursk 305000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинская академия им. С.И. Георгиевского ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.I. Georgievsky Medical Academy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kursk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kulesh A.A., Emelin A.Y., Bogolepova A.N., Doronina O.B., Zakharov V.V., Kolokolov O.V., Kotov S.V., Korsunskaya L.L., Kutlubaev M.A., Laskov V.B., Levin O.S., Parfenov V.A., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кулеш А.А., Емелин А.Ю., Боголепова А.Н., Доронина О.Б., Захаров В.В., Колоколов О.В., Котов С.В., Корсунская Л.Л., Кутлубаев М.А., Ласков В.Б., Левин О.С., Парфенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulesh A.A., Emelin A.Y., Bogolepova A.N., Doronina O.B., Zakharov V.V., Kolokolov O.V., Kotov S.V., Korsunskaya L.L., Kutlubaev M.A., Laskov V.B., Levin O.S., Parfenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1499">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1499</self-uri><abstract><p>The paper presents experts' opinion on the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chronic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DEP)) at the pre-dementia stage. It is noted that DEP/CCI is a common diagnosis in Russian neurological practice, the criteria for which have not been updated for a long time. DEP/CCI most often develops in the presence of cerebral small artery (CSA) disease (cerebral microangiopathy (CMA)), the severity of which can be quantified by magnetic resonance imaging. The main clinical manifestation of DEP/CCI is cognitive impairment that may be subjective or moderate at the pre-dementia stage. Emotional disorders (apathy, depression, anxiety) and instability are considered as possible manifestations of CSA disease. It is noted that headache and vestibular vertigo are not caused by chronic CVD; while in patients with CMA, they are usually associated with other diseases (primary headache, peripheral vestibular vertigo, and vestibular migraine). The diagnosis of DEP/CCI should be based on the presence of cognitive impairment, reliable neuroimaging signs of CVD, and the exclusion of another cause of cognitive impairment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлено мнение экспертов по вопросам клинических проявлений и диагностики хронического цереброваскулярного заболевания (хронической ишемии головного мозга – ХИГМ, дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии – ДЭП) на додементной стадии. Отмечается, что ДЭП/ХИГМ – распространенный диагноз в отечественной неврологической практике, критерии которого давно не обновлялись. Наиболее часто ДЭП/ХИГМ развивается на фоне болезни мелких церебральных артерий (церебральной микроангиопатии – ЦМА), выраженность которой может быть количественно оценена по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии. Основное клиническое проявление ДЭП/ХИГМ – когнитивные нарушения, которые на додементной стадии могут быть субъективными или умеренными. В качестве возможных проявлений поражения ЦМА рассматриваются эмоциональные расстройства (апатия, депрессия, тревожность), неустойчивость. Отмечается, что головная боль, вестибулярное головокружение не вызваны хроническим цереброваскулярным заболеванием, а у пациентов с наличием ЦМА они обычно связаны с другими заболеваниями (первичная головная боль, периферическое вестибулярное головокружение, вестибулярная мигрень). Диагностика ДЭП/ХИГМ должна основываться на наличии когнитивных нарушений, достоверных нейровизуализационных признаков цереброваскулярного заболевания и исключении другой причины когнитивных расстройств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь мелких церебральных артерий</kwd><kwd>хроническая ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>дисциркуляторная энцефалопатия</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>головная боль</kwd><kwd>вестибулярное головокружение</kwd><kwd>несистемное головокружение</kwd><kwd>апатия</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral small artery disease</kwd><kwd>chronic cerebral ischemia</kwd><kwd>dyscirculatory encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>headache</kwd><kwd>vestibular vertigo</kwd><kwd>non-systemic dizziness</kwd><kwd>apathy</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O'Brien JT, Erkinjuntti T, Reisberg B, et al. 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