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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2020-6-11-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode in relation to the activity of CYP3A and CYP2D6 isoenzymes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность и безопасность антипсихотиков у подростков с острым психотическим эпизодом в зависимости от активности изоферментов CYP3A и CYP2D6</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иващенко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashchenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Иващенко</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Vladimirovich Ivashchenko</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvi1991@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буромская</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buromskaya</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119334, Москва, 5-й Донской проезд, 21А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>21A, Fifth Donskoy Passage, Moscow 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2,</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build 2, Moscow 119991,</p><p>24, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шиманов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shimanov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119334, Москва, 5-й Донской проезд, 21А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>21A, Fifth Donskoy Passage, Moscow 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дейч</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deitch</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119334, Москва, 5-й Донской проезд, 21А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>21A, Fifth Donskoy Passage, Moscow 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файнштейн</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fainshtein</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119334, Москва, 5-й Донской проезд, 21А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>21A, Fifth Donskoy Passage, Moscow 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаговенко</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shagovenko</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119334, Москва, 5-й Донской проезд, 21А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>21A, Fifth Donskoy Passage, Moscow 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акмалова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akmalova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр психического здоровья детей и подростков им. Г.Е. Сухаревой» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.E. Sukhareva Research and Practical Center for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет);&#13;
ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
State National Center Institute of Immunology, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ivashchenko D.V., Osipov A.S., Nazarova E.V., Ovchinnikova M.A., Buromskaya N.I., Smirnov V.V., Shimanov P.V., Deitch R.V., Fainshtein T.A., Shagovenko E.N., Akmalova K.A., Kachanova A.A., Grishina E.A., Savchenko L.M., Shevchenko Y.S., Sychev D.A., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иващенко Д.В., Осипов А.С., Назарова Е.В., Овчинникова М.А., Буромская Н.И., Смирнов В.В., Шиманов П.В., Дейч Р.В., Файнштейн Т.А., Шаговенко Е.Н., Акмалова К.А., Качанова А.А., Гришина Е.А., Савченко Л.М., Шевченко Ю.С., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivashchenko D.V., Osipov A.S., Nazarova E.V., Ovchinnikova M.A., Buromskaya N.I., Smirnov V.V., Shimanov P.V., Deitch R.V., Fainshtein T.A., Shagovenko E.N., Akmalova K.A., Kachanova A.A., Grishina E.A., Savchenko L.M., Shevchenko Y.S., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1466">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1466</self-uri><abstract><p>Antipsychotics are a first-line treatment for psychotic disorders. The cytochrome P450 isoenzymes CYP3A4/5 and CYP2D6 metabolize most antipsychotics. The activity of these isoenzymes in children changes with maturation, so it is different from that in adults. Objective: to study the associations of CYP3A and CYP2D6 isoenzyme activity parameters with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode. Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 53 adolescents with an acute psychotic episode who took antipsychotics. The observation period lasted 14 days. The CGAS, PANSS, UKU SERS, SAS, and BARS scales were used to evaluate the efficiency and safety of the therapy on day 14. The activity of CYP3A and CYP2D6 isoenzymes was measured by determining the metabolic ratios of the concentrations of endogenous substrates of the isoenzymes and their metabolites in a morning urine sample on days 1 and 14 of the study. The activity of CYP3A was assessed by the 6-beta hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio; that of CYP2D6 was measured by the 6-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline/pinoline ratio. The influence of carriage of polymorphic variants CYP2D6*4,*9,*10, CYP3A4*22, CYP3A5*3 on the activity of isoenzymes was excluded by removing their carriers from the analysis. Results and discussion. The investigators revealed an association of certain antipsychotic-induced undesirable symptoms with CYP3A and CYP2D6 activity parameters. On day 1, a lower CYP2D6 activity was initially observed in patients with tremor (0.54 [0.34; 1.34] vs 1.25 [0.91; 1.75]; p=0.023). Also, patients with any documented adverse reaction (ARs) to therapy had initially a decreased CYP3A activity (1.2 [0.85; 2.29] vs 2.55 [1.44; 4.83]; p=0.047) and an enhanced CYP3A activity during therapy (the activity difference between day 14 and day 1 was 0.28 [-0.28; 2.32] vs -1.3 [-3.47; 0.66]; p=0.042). Conclusion. The initially reduced activity of CYP2D6 and CYP3A isoenzymes is a significant predictor of antipsychotic-induced ARs in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode. The predictive role of CYP2D6 and CYP3A activity levels in the efficacy of antipsychotics has not been confirmed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Антипсихотики относятся к числу препаратов первой линии терапии психотических расстройств. Изоферменты цитохрома P450 CYP3A4/5 и CYP2D6 метаболизируют большинство антипсихотиков. Активность данных изоферментов у детей изменяется по мере созревания, поэтому она отличается от таковой у взрослых. Целью нашего исследования является изучение ассоциаций параметров активности изоферментов CYP3A и CYP2D6 с эффективностью и безопасностью антипсихотиков у подростков с острым психотическим эпизодом. Пациенты и методы. В исследование были включены 53 подростка с острым психотическим эпизодом, принимающие антипсихотики. Наблюдение продолжалось 14 дней. Эффективность и безопасность терапии оценивали на 14-е сутки при помощи шкал CGAS, PANSS, UKU SERS, SAS, BARS. Проводили измерение активности изоферментов CYP3A и CYP2D6 при помощи определения метаболических отношений концентраций эндогенных субстратов изоферментов и их метаболитов в утренней моче на 1-е и на 14-е сутки исследования. Активность CYP3A оценивали по отношению концентрации 6-бета-гидроксикортизола к уровню кортизола, активность CYP2D6 – по отношению концентрации 6-гидрокси-1,2,3,4-тетрагидро-бета-карболина к уровню пинолина. Влияние носительства полиморфных вариантов CYP2D6*4, *9, *10, CYP3A4*22, CYP3A5*3 на активность изоферментов было исключено путем выведения их носителей из анализа. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлена ассоциация отдельных индуцированных антипсихотиками нежелательных симптомов с параметрами активности CYP3A и CYP2D6. Исходно ниже активность CYP2D6 на 1-е сутки отмечалась у пациентов, испытывающих тремор (0,54 [0,34; 1,34] vs 1,25 [0,91; 1,75]; p=0,023). Также для пациентов с фактом любой нежелательной реакции на терапию отмечены изначально сниженная активность CYP3A (1,2 [0,85; 2,29] vs 2,55 [1,44; 4,83]; p=0,047) и увеличение активности CYP3A на фоне терапии (разность активности между 14-ми и 1-ми сутками: 0,28 [-0,28; 2,32] vs -1,3 [-3,47; 0,66]; p=0,042). Заключение. Исходно сниженная активность изоферментов CYP2D6 и CYP3A является значимым предиктором развития неблагоприятных побочных реакций при приеме антипсихотиков у подростков с острым психотическим эпизодом. Предиктивная роль уровня активности CYP2D6 и CYP3A в отношении эффективности антипсихотиков не подтверждена.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фенотипирование CYP450</kwd><kwd>CYP2D6</kwd><kwd>CYP3A</kwd><kwd>антипсихотики</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CYP450</kwd><kwd>CYP2D6</kwd><kwd>and CYP3A phenotyping</kwd><kwd>antipsychotics</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект №18-75-00046</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has been conducted under Russian Science Foundation Grant, Project No. 18-75-00046</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu Y, Li C, Huhn M, et al. 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