nnpNeurology, Neuropsychiatry, PsychosomaticsНеврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика2074-27112310-1342"IMA-Press", LLC10.14412/2074-2711-2020-5-71-77nnp-1450Research ArticleCLINICAL OBSERVATIONSКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯNMDA receptor antagonists in the treatment of neurological diseasesАнтагонисты NMDA-рецепторов в лечении неврологических заболеванийПреображенскаяИ. С.PreobrazhenskayaI. S.

Ирина Сергеевна Преображенская

Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1

Irina S. Preobrazhenskaya

Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery

11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021

irinasp2@ya.ruИнститут клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation2020251020201257177Copyright © Preobrazhenskaya I.S., 20202020Преображенская И.С.Preobrazhenskaya I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1450

The paper reviews clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists used to treat various neurological diseases: neurodegenerative dementias, vascular cognitive disorders, including post-stroke cognitive impairment. It discusses the possibility of treating cognitive disorders with NMDA receptor antagonists in Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, and some other diseases, as well as the potential possibilities of using drugs of this pharmacotherapeutic group in childhood. The paper describes a clinical case illustrating the use of akatinol memantine in a child with a delay in speech and mental development in the presence of fetal alcohol syndrome. The possibilities of using akatinol memantine in the treatment of childhood cognitive impairments are sure to be of particular interest; however, in view of the small amount of data, this aspect requires further clinical trials.

Представлен обзор клинических исследований, посвященных оценке эффективности применения антагонистов NMDA-рецепторов при различных неврологических заболеваниях: нейродегенеративных деменциях, сосудистых когнитивных расстройствах, в том числе постинсультных когнитивных нарушениях. Обсуждается возможность терапии когнитивных расстройств антагонистами NMDA-рецепторов при болезни Паркинсона, черепно-мозговой травме, некоторых других заболеваниях, а также потенциальные возможности применения препаратов этой фармакотерапевтической группы в детском возрасте. Приведено клиническое наблюдение, иллюстрирующее применение акатинола мемантина у ребенка с задержкой речевого и психического развития на фоне фетального алкогольного синдрома. Возможности использования акатинола мемантина в терапии когнитивных нарушений детского возраста, несомненно, представляют особый интерес, однако ввиду малого количества данных этот аспект требует дальнейших клинических исследований.

антагонисты NMDA-рецепторовакатинол мемантинкогнитивные нарушенияболезнь Альцгеймерасосудистые когнитивные расстройствапостинсультные когнитивные расстройстваболезнь Паркинсоначерепно-мозговая травмарасстройства аутистического спектразадержка речевого и психического развития у детейNMDA receptor antagonistsakatinol memantinecognitive impairmentAlzheimer's diseasevascular cognitive disorderspoststroke cognitive disordersParkinson's diseasetraumatic brain injuryautism spectrum disordersdelay in speech and mental development in childrenReferencesПреображенская ИС. Некоторые аспекты базовой симптоматической терапии когнитивных нарушений разной степени тяжести. Медицинский совет. 2013;(12):50-4. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2013-12-50-54Preobrazhenskaya IS. Some aspects of the background symptomatic treatment of cognitive impairment of various severity types. Meditsinskiy sovet. 2013;(12):50-4. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2013-12-50-54 (In Russ.).Преображенская ИС, Коршунов АМ. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.