<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2020-1S-25-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1398</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Experience with cladribine tablets for highly active multiple sclerosis in everyday clinical practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опыт применения препарата кладрибин в таблетках при высокоактивном рассеянном склерозе в условиях повседневной клинической практики</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>121069, Москва, Скарятинский переулок, 7;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7, Skaryatinsky Lane, Moscow 121069;</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетикиотдел нейроиммунологии</p><p>121069, Москва, Скарятинский переулок, 7; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Medical Genetics;Department of Neuroimmunology</p><p>7, Skaryatinsky Lane, Moscow 121069; 1, Ostrovityanov St, Moscow 117997; 1, Ostrovityanov St, Build. 10, Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетикиотдел нейроиммунологии</p><p>121069, Москва, Скарятинский переулок, 7; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Medical Genetics;Department of Neuroimmunology</p><p>7, Skaryatinsky Lane, Moscow 121069; 1, Ostrovityanov St, Moscow 117997; 1, Ostrovityanov St, Build. 10, Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boykoan13@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский центр рассеянного склероза</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский центр рассеянного склероза; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБУ «Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий» ФМБА</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center; &#13;
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; &#13;
Federal Center for the Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1S</issue><issue-title>Спецвыпуск: рассеянный склероз</issue-title><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Petrov S.V., Boyko O.V., Boyko A.N., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров С.В., Бойко О.В., Бойко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov S.V., Boyko O.V., Boyko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1398">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1398</self-uri><abstract><p>Cladribine tablets are a new drug for the immune reconstitution therapy of highly active multiple sclerosis (HAMS). After discussing the characteristics of action of the drug in clinical trials, the authors give their own experience of its use in the Moscow Multiple Sclerosis Center.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess their own experience with cladribine tablets in the treatment of HAMS patients in everyday clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods: In 2018–2020, a total of 14 patients with HAMS and an average exacerbation frequency of 2.42 per year (34 exacerbations) received a full cycle of cladribine therapy. The patients independently purchased the drug for individual indications. Prior to starting therapy and every subsequent 6 months, all the patients underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, cervical and thoracic spine, and chest X-ray, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scoring, clinical blood analysis, lymphocyte subpopulation estimation, biochemical blood analysis. The levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subpopulations were estimated after one- and two-year cladribine tablet therapy cycles.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. During a two-year cladribine tablet therapy cycle, there were only 2 exacerbations (0.1 per year); the EDSS values stabilized, while they slightly decreased; according to MRI, the number of foci declined substantially from 78 (an average of 3.12 per image) before treatment to 6 (an average of 0.2 per image) after 2 years of treatment. No serious adverse events were recorded in patients taking cladribine tablets. By the end of the first year of treatment, the level of lymphocytes returned to normal in all the patients. The similar picture was noted after the second cycle of therapy. More than two-thirds of patients showed a decline in CD19+ B lymphocytes. An anti-B-cell effect was recorded even in patients who had normal absolute lymphocyte counts, as shown by clinical blood analysis. The findings demonstrated the efficacy and safety of cladribine tablets in patients with HAMS.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Cladribine tablets are a highly effective treatment for HAMS.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Кладрибин в таблетках – новый препарат для терапии иммунореконституции при высокоактивном рассеянном склерозе (ВАРС). После обсуждения особенностей действия препарата в клинических исследованиях приведен собственный опыт его использования в Московском центре рассеянного склероза.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценка собственного опыта лечения пациентов с ВАРС кладрибином в таблетках в условиях повседневной клинической практики.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В 2018–2020 гг. полный курс терапии кладрибином получили 14 больных ВАРС со средней частотой обострений 2,42 в год (34 обострения). Пациенты самостоятельно приобретали препарат по индивидуальным показаниям. До начала терапии и каждые последующие 6 мес всем пациентам проводили магнитно-резонансную томографию (МРТ) головного мозга, шейного и грудного отделов с контрастным усилением, рентгенографию органов грудной клетки, оценку по Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), клинический анализ крови, оценку субпопуляций лимфоцитов крови, биохимический анализ крови. После годичного и двухгодичного курсов лечения кладрибином в таблетках оценивали уровень лейкоцитов и лимфоцитов, а также субпопуляции лимфоцитов крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. На фоне двухгодичного курса терапии кладрибином в таблетках зафиксировано только 2 обострения (0,1 в год); показатели EDSS стабилизировались, при этом отмечалось их незначительное уменьшение; по данным МРТ констатировано существенное уменьшение числа очагов – с 78 (в среднем 3,12 на снимок) до курса лечения до 6 (в среднем 0,2 на снимок) через 2 года лечения. Не зафиксировано серьезных нежелательных явлений у пациентов, получавших кладрибин в таблетках. К концу 1-го года лечения уровень лимфоцитов нормализовался у всех пациентов. Сходная картина отмечалась после 2-го курса терапии. Более чем у двух третей пациентов выявлено снижение уровня CD19+ В-лимфоцитов. Анти-В-клеточный эффект зафиксирован даже у пациентов, имевших нормальное абсолютное значение лимфоцитов в клиническом анализе крови. Полученные результаты продемонстрировали эффективность и безопасность кладрибина в таблетках у пациентов с ВАРС.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Кладрибин в таблетках является высокоэффективным методом лечения ВАРС.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоактивный рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd><kwd>кладрибин в таблетках</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>highly active multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>cladribine tablets</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dobson R, Giovannoni G. Multiple sclerosis – a review. Eur J Neurol. 2019 Jan;26(1):27-40. doi: 10.1111/ene.13819. Epub 2018 Nov 18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dobson R, Giovannoni G. Multiple sclerosis – a review. Eur J Neurol. 2019 Jan;26(1):27-40. doi: 10.1111/ene.13819. Epub 2018 Nov 18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyko A, Smirnova N, Petrov S, Gusev E. Epidemiology of MS in Russia, a historical review. Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders. 2016;1(1):13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyko A, Smirnova N, Petrov S, Gusev E. Epidemiology of MS in Russia, a historical review. Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders. 2016;1(1):13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leray E, Yaouanq J, Le Page E, et al. Evidence for a two-stage disability progression in multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010 Jul;133(Pt 7): 1900-13. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq076. Epub 2010 Apr 27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leray E, Yaouanq J, Le Page E, et al. Evidence for a two-stage disability progression in multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010 Jul;133(Pt 7): 1900-13. doi: 10.1093/brain/awq076. Epub 2010 Apr 27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diaz C, Zarco L, Rivera DM. Highly active multiple sclerosis: An update. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 May;30:215-24. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.039. Epub 2019 Jan 24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diaz C, Zarco L, Rivera DM. Highly active multiple sclerosis: An update. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 May;30:215-24. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.039. Epub 2019 Jan 24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации по лечению РС в РФ (2020), на утверждении в МЗ РФ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of MS in Russia (2020), on approvment by MOH.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата Мавенклад (кладрибин) таблетки 10 мг, ЛП-006137 от 10.03.2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Instructions for medical use of Mavenclad (cladribine) tablets 10 mg, LP-006137 from 10.03.2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karussis D, Petrou P. Immune reconstitution therapy (IRT) in multiple sclerosis: the rationale. Immunol Res. 2018 Dec;66(6):642-48. doi: 10.1007/s12026-018-9032-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karussis D, Petrou P. Immune reconstitution therapy (IRT) in multiple sclerosis: the rationale. Immunol Res. 2018 Dec;66(6):642-48. doi: 10.1007/s12026-018-9032-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beutler E. Cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine). Lancet. 1992 Oct 17;340(8825):952-6. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92826-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beutler E. Cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine). Lancet. 1992 Oct 17;340(8825):952-6. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92826-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leist TP, Vermersch P. The potential role for cladribine in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: clinical experience and development of an oral tablet formulation. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Nov; 23(11):2667-76. doi: 10.1185/030079907x233142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leist TP, Vermersch P. The potential role for cladribine in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: clinical experience and development of an oral tablet formulation. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Nov; 23(11):2667-76. doi: 10.1185/030079907x233142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baker D, Herrod SS, Alvarez-Gonzalez, et al. Both cladribine and alemtuzumab may effect MS via B-cell depletion. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017 Jun 5;4(4): e360. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000360. eCollection 2017 Jul.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baker D, Herrod SS, Alvarez-Gonzalez, et al. Both cladribine and alemtuzumab may effect MS via B-cell depletion. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017 Jun 5;4(4): e360. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000360. eCollection 2017 Jul.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giovannoni G, Comi G, Cook S, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of oral cladribine for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 4;362(5):416-26. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa 0902533. Epub 2010 Jan 20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giovannoni G, Comi G, Cook S, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of oral cladribine for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 4;362(5):416-26. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa 0902533. Epub 2010 Jan 20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giovannoni G, Sorensen PS, Cook S, et al. Safety and efficacy of cladribine tablets in patients with relapsing – remitting multiple sclerosis: Results from the randomized extension trial of the CLARITY study. Mult Scler. 2018 Oct;24(12):1594-1604. doi: 10.1177/1352458517727603. Epub 2017 Sep 5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giovannoni G, Sorensen PS, Cook S, et al. Safety and efficacy of cladribine tablets in patients with relapsing – remitting multiple sclerosis: Results from the randomized extension trial of the CLARITY study. Mult Scler. 2018 Oct;24(12):1594-1604. doi: 10.1177/1352458517727603. Epub 2017 Sep 5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giovannoni G, Sorensen PS, Cook S, et al. Efficacy of cladribine tablets in high disease activity subgroups of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis of the CLARITY study. Mult Scler. 2019 May;25(6): 819-27. doi: 10.1177/1352458518771875. Epub 2018 May 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giovannoni G, Sorensen PS, Cook S, et al. Efficacy of cladribine tablets in high disease activity subgroups of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: a post hoc analysis of the CLARITY study. Mult Scler. 2019 May;25(6): 819-27. doi: 10.1177/1352458518771875. Epub 2018 May 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warnke C, Leussink VI, Goebels N, et al. Cladribine as a therapeutic option in multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol. 2012 Jan;142(1):68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.05.009. Epub 2011 Jun 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warnke C, Leussink VI, Goebels N, et al. Cladribine as a therapeutic option in multiple sclerosis. Clin Immunol. 2012 Jan;142(1):68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.05.009. Epub 2011 Jun 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boyko AN, Boyko OV. Cladribine tablets’ potential role as a key example of selective immune reconstitution therapy in multiple sclerosis. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2018 May 3;8:35-44. doi: 10.2147/DNND.S161450. eCollection 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boyko AN, Boyko OV. Cladribine tablets’ potential role as a key example of selective immune reconstitution therapy in multiple sclerosis. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2018 May 3;8:35-44. doi: 10.2147/DNND.S161450. eCollection 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
