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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2020-5-123-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1392</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The positive and negative effects of using transdermal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: chemoreactome analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Положительные и отрицательные эффекты применения трансдермальных форм нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов. Хемореактомный анализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торшин</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torshin</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Торшин Иван Юрьевич, кандидат физико-математических наук, кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>119333, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 44, корп. 2,</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003300274, </p><p>РИНЦ SPIN-код: 1375-1114, </p><p>Author ID: 54104, </p><p>WOS ID C-7683-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Torshin Ivan Yu., PhD in Applied Mathematics, leading researcher of the Department of Intellectual  Systems  FRCCSC RAS</p><p>44, Vavilov St., Build. 2, Moscow 119333,</p><p>1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003300274,</p><p>SPIN-код: 1375-1114,</p><p>AuthorID: 54104, </p><p>WOS ID C-7683-2018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tiy135@ccas.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Громова Ольга Алексеевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник,научный руководитель</p><p>119333, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 44, корп. 2,</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p><p>РИНЦ SPIN-код: 6317-9833,</p><p>AuthorID: 94901,</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003589812, </p><p>WOS ID J-4946-2017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gromova Olga A., Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Science Нead of the Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, leading researcher of the Department of Intellectual Systems FRCCSC RAS</p><p>44, Vavilov St., Build. 2, Moscow 119333,</p><p>1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119234</p><p>SPIN-код: 6317-9833,</p><p>AuthorID: 94901,</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003589812,</p><p>WOS ID J-4946-2017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гришина Татьяна Романовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой фармакологии </p><p>153012, Иваново, Шереметевский проспект, 8</p><p>SPIN-код: 1241-0701, </p><p>AURHOR ID: 113019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grishina Tatiana R., Нead of the Department of pharmacology</p><p>8, Sheremetevsky Prospect, Ivanovo 153012</p><p>AURHOR ID: 113019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farma37@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенов Владимир Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semenov Vladimir A., MD, Professor</p><p>22a, Voroshilov St., Kemerovo 650056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenov_v_a.717@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт фармакоинформатики Федерального исследовательского центра «Информатика и управление» Российской академии наук;&#13;
Центр хранения и анализа больших данных Национального центра цифровой экономики ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center «Informatics and Management», Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Center for Big Data Storage and Analysis, National Center for Digital Economy, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Grishina T.R., Semenov V.A., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торшин И.Ю., Громова О.А., Гришина Т.Р., Семенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Grishina T.R., Semenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1392">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1392</self-uri><abstract><p>Transdermal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are actively used for mild and moderate pain syndrome, muscle contusions and sprains, sports injuries, and the widest range of musculoskeletal diseases. The transdermal administration of NSAIDs aims to create sufficiently high drug concentrations in the lesion focus, provided that the side effects associated with its systemic action are maximally reduced.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to comparatively simulate the effects of transdermal NSAIDs.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Chemoreactome profiling of six NSAIDs (meloxicam, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, nimesulide, and dexketoprofen) was performed. The pharmacological capabilities of molecules were analyzed within the framework of a chemoreactome methodology, by comparing the chemical structure of the studied molecule with those of millions of other molecules, the pharmacological properties of which had already been studied in experimental and clinical studies. Training the artificial intelligence algorithms based on the big data available in in the databases PubChem/PHARMGKB, HMDB, STRING, and others was done with multi-level training quality control in the cross validation framework according to the combinatorial theory of solvability and the theory of feature value classification.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Meloxicam versus other NSAIDs accumulates primarily in the muscles and skin and, to a much lesser extent, in heart tissues, lymphocytes, gonads, and cartilage. This drug showed the greatest dose-dependent decongestant effect in the model of edema induced by croton oil. Analysis of the systemic effects of NSAIDs indicated that meloxicam might affect the metabolism of vitamins A, D, PP, and B6 to a lesser extent than other NSAIDs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The chemoreactomе analysis has demonstrated that meloxicam as a gel causing minimal side effects can be used effectively and long.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Трансдермальные формы нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП) активно используются при болевом синдроме легкой и средней интенсивности, при ушибах, растяжениях мышц, спортивных травмах, а также при широчайшем круге заболеваний опорно-двигательного аппарата. Трансдермальное применение НПВП преследует своей целью создание достаточно высоких концентраций препарата в очаге поражения при условии максимального снижения побочных эффектов, связанных с его системным действием.</p><p>Цель исследования – сравнительное моделирование эффектов НПВП при трансдермальном применении.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Выполнено хемореактомное профилирование шести НПВП (мелоксикам, диклофенак, ибупрофен, кетопрофен, нимесулид, декскетопрофен). Анализ фармакологических «возможностей» молекул в рамках хемореактомной методологии проводился посредством сравнения химической структуры исследуемой молекулы со структурами миллионов других молекул, для которых молекулярно-фармакологические свойства уже были изучены в экспериментальных и клинических исследованиях. «Обучение» алгоритмов искусственного интеллекта на основе «больших данных», представленных в базах данных PubChem/PHARMGKB, HMDB, STRING и др., осуществлялось с многоуровневым контролем качества обучения с использованием «скользящего контроля» в рамках комбинаторной теории разрешимости и теории классификации значений признаков.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. По сравнению с другими НПВП, мелоксикам накапливается преимущественно в мышцах, в коже и, в гораздо меньшей степени, в тканях сердца, лимфоцитах, гонадах и хряще. В модели отека, вызванного кротоновым маслом, мелоксикам показал наибольший дозозависимый противоотечный эффект. Анализ системных эффектов НПВП показал, что мелоксикам в наименьшей степени может затрагивать метаболизм витаминов A, D, PP, В6, чем другие НПВП.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты хемореактомного анализа указывают на возможность эффективного и длительного применения мелоксикама в виде геля при минимуме побочных эффектов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd><kwd>топическое применение</kwd><kwd>фармакоинформатика</kwd><kwd>системы искусственного интеллекта</kwd><kwd>гель</kwd><kwd>мелоксикам</kwd><kwd>диклофенак</kwd><kwd>ибупрофен</kwd><kwd>нимесулид</kwd><kwd>декскетопрофен</kwd><kwd>кетопрофен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>topical application</kwd><kwd>pharmacoinformatics</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence systems</kwd><kwd>gel</kwd><kwd>meloxicam</kwd><kwd>diclofenac</kwd><kwd>ibuprofen</kwd><kwd>nimesulide</kwd><kwd>dexketoprofen</kwd><kwd>ketoprofen</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar L, Verma S, Singh M, et al. 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