<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2020-3-56-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1366</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The efficiency and tolerability of lacosamide therapy in adolescents and adults with new-onset focal epilepsy in terms of the epileptiform activity index</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность и переносимость терапии лакосамидом при впервые выявленной фокальной эпилепсии у подростков и взрослых с учетом индекса эпилептиформной активности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карлов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власов Павел Николаевич.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Nikolaevich Vlasov.</p><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vpn_neuro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожокару</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhokaru</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, 23.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow123098. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самойлов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samoilov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123098, Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, 23.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23, Marshal Novikov St., Moscow123098. </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Biomedical Agency of Russia,</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Karlov V.A., Vlasov P.N., Kozhokaru A.B., Samoilov A.S., Orlova A.S., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карлов В.А., Власов П.Н., Кожокару А.Б., Самойлов А.С., Орлова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karlov V.A., Vlasov P.N., Kozhokaru A.B., Samoilov A.S., Orlova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1366">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1366</self-uri><abstract><p>Lacosamide (LCM) is one of the most promising antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for focal epilepsy (FE); however, in Russia there are only a few works devoted to its practical application.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of LCM therapy in adolescents and adults with new-onset FE.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 36 patients aged 16-78 years. All the patients underwent video-ECG monitoring with quantification of the epileptiform activity index (EAI) at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment. The treatment efficiency was evaluated using the standard measures: drug-induced remission, a response rate of ≥50%, an insufficient efficiency of ≤50%, higher seizure frequency, and therapy retention rates. Adverse events (AEs) were assessed using the SIDe-effects of AntiEpileptic Drugs (SIDAED) questionnaire.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Just 3 months after starting treatment, the total EAI substantially decreased from 2.92 [0; 6.7] to 1.95 [0; 3.07] (p&lt;0.05). LCM demonstrated a high efficacy and a good tolerance in the therapy of FE: by the end of 12-month follow-up, there was a considerable decrease in EAI by 1.57 times (p&lt;0.05); the LCM monotherapy retention rate of 72.2% was achieved in 26 patients: 20 (55.6%) patients had drug-induced remission; six (16.7%) patients were responders. AEs were recorded in 5 (13.8%) cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. LCM is an effective AED for the initial monotherapy of FE. The use of LCM in FE causes a considerable decrease in EAI by 1.57 times (p&lt;0.05). </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Лакосамид (ЛКМ) — один из наиболее перспективных противоэпилептических препаратов (ПЭП) при фокальной эпилепсии (ФЭ), однако в России имеются лишь единичные работы, посвященные его практическому применению.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить эффективность терапии ЛКМу подростков и взрослых с впервые выявленной ФЭ.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 36 пациентов в возрасте от 16 До 78 лет. Всем пациентам проводился видео-ЭЭГ-мониторинг с оценкой количественного индекса эпилептиформной активности (ИЭА) при старте терапии, а также через 1, 3, 6 и 12 мес соответственно. Эффективность терапии определяли по стандартным показателям: медикаментозная ремиссия; респондеры  ≥50%; недостаточный эффект  ≤50%; учащение приступов; удержание на терапии. Нежелательные явления (НЯ) оценивали по шкале оценки побочных эффектов ПЭП (Side-effects of anti-epileptic drugs, SIDAED).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Суммарный ИЭА значимо снизился уже через 3 мес после начала лечения с 2,92 [0; 6,7] до 1,95 [0; 3,07] (p&lt;0,05). ЛКМ продемонстрировал высокую эффективность и хорошую переносимость при терапии ФЭ: к концу 12 мес наблюдения отмечалось значимое снижение ИЭА в 1,57 раза (p&lt;0,05), показатель удержания на монотерапии ЛКМ был достигнут у 72,2% (n=26) пациентов: у 55,6% (n=20) — медикаментозная ремиссия, 16,7% (n=6) — респондеры. НЯ зарегистрированы в 13,8% (n=5) случаев.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ЛКМ является эффективным ПЭП для инициального лечения ФЭ в монотерапии. Применение ЛКМ при ФЭ приводит к значимому снижению ИЭА в 1,57 раза (p&lt;0,05).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фокальная эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>лакосамид</kwd><kwd>индекс эпилептиформной активности</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>переносимость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>focal epilepsy</kwd><kwd>lacosamide</kwd><kwd>epileptiform activity index</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd><kwd>tolerability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья спонсируется компанией ООО «ЮСБ Фарма». Спонсор участвовал в разработке проекта исследования и поддержке исследовательской программы, а также принятии решения о представлении статьи для публикации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article has been supported by UCB Pharma S.A. The sponsor has participated in the development of the investigation project and supported the investigation program, as well as in the decision to submit the article for publication.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Biase S, Gigli GL, Valente M, et al. Lacosamide for the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3): 459-68. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.883378. Epub 2014 Jan 30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Biase S, Gigli GL, Valente M, et al. Lacosamide for the treatment of epilepsy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Mar;10(3): 459-68. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.883378. Epub 2014 Jan 30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Glauser T, Ben-Menachem E, Bourgeois B, et al.; ILAE Subcommission on AED Guidelines. Updated ILAE evidence review of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes. Epilepsia. 2013 Mar;54(3):551-63. doi: 10.1111/epi.12074. Epub 2013 Jan 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glauser T, Ben-Menachem E, Bourgeois B, et al.; ILAE Subcommission on AED Guidelines. Updated ILAE evidence review of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes. Epilepsia. 2013 Mar;54(3):551-63. doi: 10.1111/epi.12074. Epub 2013 Jan 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карлов ВА. Эпилепсия у детей и взрослых, женщин и мужчин. Руководство для врачей. 2-е издание. Москва: БИНОМ; 2019. 896 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlov VA. Epilepsiya u detei i vzroslykh, zhenshchin i muzhchin. Rukovodstvo dlya vrachei. 2-e izdanie [Epilepsy in children and adults, women and men. Doctor's guide. 2nd edition]. Moscow: BINOM; 2019. 896 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brodie MJ, Sills GJ. Combining antiepileptic drugs — Rational polytherapy? Seizure. 2011 Jun; 20(5):369-75. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.01.004. Epub 2011 Feb 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodie MJ, Sills GJ. Combining antiepileptic drugs — Rational polytherapy? Seizure. 2011 Jun; 20(5):369-75. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2011.01.004. Epub 2011 Feb 8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авакян ГН. Вопросы современной эпилептологии. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2015;7(4):16-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avakyan GN. Questions of modern epileptology. Epilepsiya i paroksizmal'nye sostoyaniya. 2015;7(4):16-21. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beghi E. Addressing the burden of epilepsy: Many unmet needs. Pharmacol Res. 2016 May; 107:79-84. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.003. Epub 2016 Mar 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beghi E. Addressing the burden of epilepsy: Many unmet needs. Pharmacol Res. 2016 May; 107:79-84. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.003. Epub 2016 Mar 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noe K. Counseling and Management of the Risks of Living With Epilepsy. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019 Apr;25(2):477-91. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000708.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noe K. Counseling and Management of the Risks of Living With Epilepsy. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2019 Apr;25(2):477-91. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000708.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verrier RL, Pang TD, Nearing BD, Schachter SC. The Epileptic Heart: Concept and clinical evidence. Epilepsy Behav. 2020 Apr;105:106946. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.106946. Epub 2020 Feb 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verrier RL, Pang TD, Nearing BD, Schachter SC. The Epileptic Heart: Concept and clinical evidence. Epilepsy Behav. 2020 Apr;105:106946. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.106946. Epub 2020 Feb 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пылаева ОА, Мухин КЮ, Миронов МБ. Эффективность и переносимость препарата лакосамид (Вимпат) в лечении эпилепсии у взрослых (Обзор литературы). Русский журнал детской неврологии. 2014;9(4):59-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pylaeva OA, Mukhin KYu, Mironov MB. Efficacy and tolerability of lacosamide (Vimpat) in the treatment of epilepsy in adults (literature review). Russkii zhurnal detskoi nevrologii. 2014; 9(4):59-68. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rogawski MA, Tofighy A, White HS, et al. Current understanding of the mechanism of action of the antiepileptic drug lacosamide. Epilepsy Res. 2015 Feb;110:189-205. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.11.021. Epub 2014 Dec 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogawski MA, Tofighy A, White HS, et al. Current understanding of the mechanism of action of the antiepileptic drug lacosamide. Epilepsy Res. 2015 Feb;110:189-205. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.11.021. Epub 2014 Dec 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilson SM, Khanna R. Specific binding of lacosamide to collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) and direct impairment of its canonical function: implications for the therapeutic potential of lacosamide. Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Apr;51(2):599-609. doi: 10.1007/s12035-014-8775-9. Epub 2014 Jun 20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilson SM, Khanna R. Specific binding of lacosamide to collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) and direct impairment of its canonical function: implications for the therapeutic potential of lacosamide. Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Apr;51(2):599-609. doi: 10.1007/s12035-014-8775-9. Epub 2014 Jun 20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лебедева АВ, Бурд СГ, Беляев ОВ и др. Российский опыт применения лакосамида (вимпат) при лечении пациентов с неконтролируемой фокальной эпилепсией. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. C.C. Корсакова. 2016;116(9-2):74-81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lebedeva AV, Burd SG, Belyaev OV, et al. Russian experience of use of lacosamide (Vimpat) in the treatment of patients with uncontrolled focal epilepsy. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2016;116(9-2): 74-81. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Villanueva V, Giraldez BG, Toledo M, et al. Lacosamide monotherapy in clinical practice: A retrospective chart review. Acta Neurol Scand. 2018 Sep;138(3):186-194. doi: 10.1111/ane.12920. Epub 2018 Mar 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Villanueva V, Giraldez BG, Toledo M, et al. Lacosamide monotherapy in clinical practice: A retrospective chart review. Acta Neurol Scand. 2018 Sep;138(3):186-194. doi: 10.1111/ane.12920. Epub 2018 Mar 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мухин КЮ, Тысячина МД, Глухова ЛЮ, Фрейдкова НВ. Клинический случай применения лакосамида (Вимпат) в лечении резистентной формы симптоматической фокальной эпилепсии. Русский журнал детской неврологии. 2011;6(2):38-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukhin KYu, Tysyachina MD, Glukhova LYu, Freidkova NV. A clinical case of use of lacosamide (Vimpat) in the treatment of a resistant form of symptomatic focal epilepsy. Russkii zhurnal detskoi nevrologii. 2011;6(2): 38-42. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миронов МБ, Мухин КЮ, Пылаева ОА. Эффективность вимпата (лакосамид) у пациентки с резистентной формой криптогенной фокальной эпилепсии с фокальными аутомоторными и вторично-генерализованными судорожными приступами (описание случая). Русский журнал детской неврологии. 2012;7(2):3-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mironov MB, Mukhin KYu, Pylaeva OA. Efficacy of vimpat (lacosamide) in a patient with a resistant form of cryptogenic focal epilepsy with focal auto-motor and secondary generalized seizures (case description). Russkii zhurnal detskoi nevrologii. 2012;7(2):3-12. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудакова ИГ, Власов ПН, Липатова ЛВ, Воронкова КВ. Лакосамид (вимпат). Перспективы клинического применения. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. C.C. Корсакова. 2017;117(9):147-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudakova IG, Vlasov PN, Lipatova LV, Voronkova KV. Lacosamide (vimpat). Prospects for clinical application. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2017;117(9): 147-52. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яковлева ЮА, Янаева АН, Спикина АА, Рукавицына ЕЛ. Применение лакосамида у пациентов с фокальной эпилепсией и ко-морбидными психическими расстройствами. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. C.C. Корсакова. 2018;118(10-2):98-104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakovleva YuA, Yanaeva AN, Spikina AA, Rukavitsyna EL. Use of lacosamide in patients with focal epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2018;118(10-2):98-104. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвинова СА, Авакян ГГ, Неробкова ЛН и др. Влияние лакосамида на эпилептиформную активность и динамику структурно-функциональных связей эпилептической системы крыс с хронической фокальной эпилепсией. Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2019;11(1):37-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinova CA, Avakyan GG, Nerobkova LN, et al. Influence of lacosamide on epileptiform activity and dynamics of structural and functional connections of the epileptic system of rats with chronic focal epilepsy. Epilepsiya i paroksiz-mal'nye sostoyaniya. 2019;11(1):37-45. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fisher RS, Acevedo C, Arzimanoglou A, et al. ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2014 Apr;55(4): 475-82. doi: 10.1111/epi.12550. Epub 2014 Apr 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fisher RS, Acevedo C, Arzimanoglou A, et al. ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2014 Apr;55(4): 475-82. doi: 10.1111/epi.12550. Epub 2014 Apr 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uijl SG, Uiterwaal CS, Aldenkamp A, et al. A cross-sectional study of subjective complaints in patients with epilepsy who seem to be well-controlled with anti-epileptic drugs. Seizure. 2006 Jun;15(4):242-8. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2006.02.009. Epub 2006 Mar 23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uijl SG, Uiterwaal CS, Aldenkamp A, et al. A cross-sectional study of subjective complaints in patients with epilepsy who seem to be well-controlled with anti-epileptic drugs. Seizure. 2006 Jun;15(4):242-8. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2006.02.009. Epub 2006 Mar 23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Резолюция заседания экспертов рабочей группы Российской противоэпилептической лиги (5 марта 2019 г., Москва). Эпилепсия и пароксизмальные состояния. 2019;11(1):97-100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Resolution of the meeting of experts of the working group of the Russian Antiepileptic League (March 5, 2019, Moscow). Epilepsiya i paroksizmal'nye sostoyaniya. 2019;11(1): 97-100. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власов ПН, Камелькова ЕГ, Дрожжина ГР. Эффективность и переносимость лакосамида для внутривенного введения при ургентных неврологических ситуациях. Неврология нейропсихиатрия психосоматика. 2012;4(1S):60-3. doi:10.14412/2074-2711-2012-2501</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasov PN, Kamel'kova EG, Drozhzhina GR. Efficacy and tolerance of intravenous lacosamide in urgent neurological situations. Nevrologiya neiropsikhiatriya psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2012;4(1S):60-3. (In Russ.). doi:10.14412/2074-2711-2012-2501</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davidson KE, Newell J, Alsherbini K, et al. Safety and Efficiency of Intravenous Push Lacosamide Administration. Neurocrit Care. 2018 Dec;29(3):491-495. doi: 10.1007/s12028-018-0560-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davidson KE, Newell J, Alsherbini K, et al. Safety and Efficiency of Intravenous Push Lacosamide Administration. Neurocrit Care. 2018 Dec;29(3):491-495. doi: 10.1007/s12028-018-0560-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenow F, Brandt C, Bozorg A, et al. Lacosamide in patients with epilepsy of cerebrovascular etiology. Acta Neurol Scand. 2020 Jun;141(6):473-482. doi: 10.1111/ane.13230. Epub 2020 Mar 13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenow F, Brandt C, Bozorg A, et al. Lacosamide in patients with epilepsy of cerebrovascular etiology. Acta Neurol Scand. 2020 Jun;141(6):473-482. doi: 10.1111/ane.13230. Epub 2020 Mar 13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочанова ЕН, Шнайдер НА, Дмитренко ДВ и др. Сравнительная оценка частоты аггравации эпилептических припадков на фоне приема противоэпилептических препаратов различных поколений. Фарматека. 2017;(9):56-60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bochanova EN, Shnaider NA, Dmitrenko DV, et al. Comparative assessment of the frequency of aggravation of epileptic seizures against the background of taking antiepileptic drugs of different generations. Farmateka. 2017;(9): 56-60. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
