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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2020-2-57-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1305</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Myofascial pain syndrome in female patients with chronic nonspecific back pain: diagnosis and treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Миофасциальный болевой синдром у пациенток с хронической неспецифической болью в спине: диагностика и лечение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожков</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhkov</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">rozhkov_do@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиновьева</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinovyeva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баринов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barinov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вихлянцев</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vikhlyantsev</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пеньков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Penkov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носовский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosovsky</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника нервных болезней лечебного факультета Института клинической медицины ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinic for Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of General Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета Института клинической медицины ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Faculty of General Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Пущинский государственный естественно-научный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Pushchino State Natural Science Institute, Pushchino, Moscow Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биофизики клетки РАН – обособленное подразделение ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cell Biophysics, Separate Subdivision, Pushchino Biological Research Center, Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ Российской Федерации – Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biomedical Problems, State Research Center of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Rozhkov D.O., Zinovyeva O.E., Barinov A.N., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Mikhailova G.Z., Penkov N.V., Nosovsky A.M., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рожков Д.О., Зиновьева О.Е., Баринов А.Н., Вихлянцев И.М., Михайлова Г.З., Пеньков Н.В., Носовский А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rozhkov D.O., Zinovyeva O.E., Barinov A.N., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Mikhailova G.Z., Penkov N.V., Nosovsky A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1305">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1305</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to elucidate the frequency and pathogenesis of myofascial pain syndrome (MFPS) in chronic nonspecific lower back pain (CNLBP) and to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of MFPS in CNLBP.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The investigation covered 121 patients with CNLBP. The patients' mean age was 42.1±10.5 years; the pain duration was 7.9±4.3 months. The possible causes of CNLBP were determined: these were facet joints (FJs); sacroiliac joints (SIJs); skeletal muscles with the development of MFPS; MFPS concurrent with FJs; MFPS concurrent with SIJs. Twenty patients had MFPS only (its mean duration was 5.3±2.2 months; the mean pain intensity scores were 6.5±1.1 on a numerical rating scale). Six patients underwent examinations of open biopsy specimens of the muscle straightening the spinal column; a comparison group consisted of 3 healthy women matched for age and gender. The patients were prescribed therapy with aceclofenac 200 mg/day in combination with tolperisone 450 mg/day and nondrug therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy and kinesio- and ergotherapy). When the treatment was insufficiently effective, ultrasonography of the muscle straightening the spinal column was additionally performed; a local anesthetic was injected into myofascial trigger points (MTPs).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. MFPS was a cause of pain syndrome in 63 (52%) patients, while MFPS this was an isolated cause of pain in 20 (16.5%) cases and was concurrent with FJ osteoarthritis in 23 (19%), and with SIJ dysfunction in 20 (16.5%). Muscle ultrasonography in patients with MFPS revealed MTPs, whereas examinations of biopsy specimens of the muscle straightening the spinal column showed no evidence of necrosis, fibrosis, or inflammatory infiltration in the presence of transformation of the myosin phenotype, by increasing the proportion of rapidly fatigued type II muscle fibers. The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis indicated a decrease in the content of titin and nebulin, the sarcomeric cytoskeletal proteins involved in maintaining muscle contractility. A two-week cycle of therapy with aceclofenac and tolperisone reversed pain syndrome in 5 (25%) of the 20 patients and reduced the intensity of back pain in 15 (75%), but the pain increased during physical exercise and impeded active rehabilitation. The additional administration of anesthetics into MTPs and the continuous intake of aceclofenac and tolperisone in combination with kinesiotherapy could relieve pain syndrome and enhance motor activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. More than half of the patients with CNLBP had MFPS only or concurrent with joint pathology (FS and FJs). The changes found in the back muscle biopsy specimens of patients with CNLBP are potentially reversible and can be reversed during kinesiotherapy.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – выяснение частоты и патогенеза миофасциального болевого синдрома (МФБС) при хронической неспецифической боли в нижней части спины (ХНБНЧС), а также оптимизация диагностики и лечения МФБС при ХНБНЧС.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследовании участвовала 121 пациентка с ХНБНЧС. Средний возраст больных составил 42,1±10,5 года, длительность боли – 7,9±4,3 мес. Определялись возможные причины ХНБНЧС: фасеточные суставы (ФС); крестцово-подвздошные сочленения (КПС); скелетные мышцы с формированием МФБС; МФБС в сочетании с ФС; МФБС в сочетании с КПС. У 20  пациенток был изолированный МФБС (средняя длительность 5,3±2,2 мес, средняя интенсивность боли 6,5±1,1 балла по числовой рейтинговой шкале). У 6 пациенток исследованы биоптаты мышцы, выпрямляющей позвоночник, полученные методом открытой биопсии; группу  сравнения составили 3 здоровые женщины, сопоставимые по возрасту и полу. Пациенткам назначали терапию ацеклофенаком по 200 мг/сут в сочетании с толперизоном по 450 мг/сут и немедикаментозную терапию (когнитивно-поведенческая, кинезио- и эрготерапия). В случаях недостаточной эффективности лечения дополнительно проводили УЗИ мышцы, выпрямляющей позвоночник, локальное введение анестетика в миофасциальные триггерные точки (МТТ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. МФБС явился причиной болевого синдрома у 63 (52%) пациенток, при этом МФБС был изолированной причиной боли в 20 (16,5%) случаях, сочетался с остеоартритом ФС – в 23 (19%), с дисфункцией КПС – в 20 (16,5%). При УЗИ мышц у пациенток с МФБС выявлены МТТ, а при исследовании биоптатов мышцы, выпрямляющей позвоночник, отсутствовали признаки некроза, фиброза, воспалительной инфильтрации при наличии трансформации миозинового фенотипа в сторону увеличения доли быстро утомляемых мышечных волокон II типа. Результаты ДСН-гель-электрофореза указывали на снижение содержания титина и небулина – белков саркомерного цитоскелета, участвующих в поддержании сократительной способности мышцы. После 2-недельного курса терапии ацеклофенаком и толперизоном у 5 (25%) из 20 пациенток болевой синдром регрессировал, у 15 (75%) интенсивность боли в спине уменьшилась, однако боль нарастала при физической нагрузке и препятствовала активной реабилитации. Дополнительное введение анестетиков в МТТ, продолжение приема ацеклофенака и толперизона в комбинации с кинезиотерапией позволили купировать болевой синдром и увеличить двигательную активность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. МФБС имелся более чем у половины пациенток с ХНБНЧС изолированно или в сочетании с суставной патологией (ФС и КПС). Выявленные у пациенток с ХНБНЧС изменения в биоптатах мышцы спины потенциально обратимы и могут регрессировать на фоне кинезиотерапии. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая неспецифическая боль в спине</kwd><kwd>миофасциальный болевой синдром</kwd><kwd>миофасциальные триггерные точки</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование мышцы</kwd><kwd>биопсия мышцы</kwd><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd><kwd>миорелаксанты центрального действия</kwd><kwd>кинезиотерапия</kwd><kwd>эрготерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic nonspecific back pain</kwd><kwd>myofascial pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>myofascial trigger points</kwd><kwd>muscle ultrasonography</kwd><kwd>muscle biopsy</kwd><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>centrally acting muscle relaxants</kwd><kwd>kinesiotherapy</kwd><kwd>ergotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья спонсируется компанией ООО «Гедеон Рихтер Фарма».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article has been supported by Gedeon Richter.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, et al. 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