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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2019-3-47-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1172</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Early cognitive dysfunction as a marker for the poor course of multiple sclerosis: a prospective 12-year follow-up</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ранняя когнитивная дисфункция как маркер неблагоприятного течения рассеянного склероза: проспективное 12-летнее наблюдение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касаткин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasatkin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl 150000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mirsil@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молчанова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molchanova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl 150000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирин</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirin</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>150000, Ярославль, ул. Революционная, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl 150000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kasatkin D.S., Molchanova S.S., Spirin N.N., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Касаткин Д.С., Молчанова С.С., Спирин Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kasatkin D.S., Molchanova S.S., Spirin N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1172">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1172</self-uri><abstract><p>Owing to the advent of current methods for the prevention of exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (MS), it has become possible to increase the period to the development of obvious persistent cerebellar and motor disorders that mainly lead to disability. This makes it possible to focus on less evident and latent symptoms, in particular on cognitive impairment (CI) that are recorded since the diagnosis of MS and slowly progress over time.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the prognostic capabilities of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) to identify a group of patients with early disability (10-year risk of reaching 6.5 Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The paper presents the data of a 12-year (2005–2018) follow-up of 36 patients having MS with and without mild CI. The patients' mean age at the time of study inclusion was 31.7 years (confidence interval (CI) 29.2–34.1; α&lt;0.05); the disease duration was 4.69 months (CI 3.31–6.08; α&lt;0.05); the EDSS scores averaged 2.51 (CI 2.23–2.82; α&lt;0.05). Severe disability (6.5 EDSS scores) was observed in 75% of cases in the presence of mild CI and in 25% of cases in the absence of mild CI; it occurred an average of 118.3 (CI 93.1–143.4; α&lt;0.05) and 141.2 (CI 126.0–156.5; α&lt;0.05) months later, respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The findings suggest that the patients with MS in the presence of impaired information processing speed and decreased attentional function (failure to complete more than 25% of the PASAT tasks) had a significantly greater risk for persistent disability than the patients without CI or with its minimal manifestations. Limitation in walking function (4.5 EDSS scores) occurred an average of 3.5 years earlier, and its significant limitation (6.5 EDSS scores) did 2 years earlier in the severe CI group, which may be important in planning therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The presence of CI in early MS is likely to have a prognostic value in relation to the course of the disease. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Благодаря появлению современных методов профилактики обострений рассеянного склероза (РС) появилась возможность увеличить период до развития выраженных стойких мозжечковых и двигательных нарушений, преимущественно приводящих к инвалидизации. Это позволяет сфокусироваться на менее очевидных и скрытых симптомах, в частности на когнитивных нарушениях (КН), регистрирующихся с момента установления диагноза РС и медленно прогрессирующих с течением времени.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценка прогностических возможностей метода РASAT (Рaced auditory serial addition test) для выявления группы пациентов с ранней инвалидизацией (10-летний риск достижения 6,5 балла по Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS).</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Представлены данные 12-летнего наблюдения (2005–2018) 36 пациентов с РС с наличием и без легких КН. Средний возраст на момент включения – 31,7 года (доверительный интервал, ДИ 29,2–34,1; α&lt;0,05); длительность заболевания – 4,69 мес (ДИ 3,31–6,08; α&lt;0,05), средний балл по EDSS – 2,51 (ДИ 2,23–2,82; α&lt;0,05). Выраженная инвалидизация (6,5 балла по EDSS) отмечена в 75% случаев при наличии и в 25% случаев при отсутствии легких КН, она возникала в среднем через 118,3 (ДИ 93,1–143,4; α&lt;0,05) мес и 141,2 (ДИ 126,0–156,5; α&lt;0,05) мес соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Согласно полученным данным, пациенты с РС при наличии нарушений скорости обработки информации и снижения функции внимания (невыполнение более 25% заданий PASAT) имели существенно больший риск развития стойкой инвалидизации по сравнению с пациентами без КН или с минимальными их проявлениями. Ограничение функции ходьбы (EDSS 4,5 балла) в среднем наступало на 3,5 года раньше, а значительное ее ограничение (EDSS 6,5 балла) – на 2 года раньше в группе с выраженными КН, что может иметь значение при планировании терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наличие КН на ранних этапах течения РС, вероятно, имеет прогностическое значение в отношении течения заболевания. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>инвалидизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>disability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eriksson I, Komen J, Piehl F, et al. The changing multiple sclerosis treatment landscape: impact of new drugs and treatment recommendations. 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