<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2019-3-35-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Posthypoxic encephalopathy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Постгипоксическая энцефалопатия у пациентов, перенесших аортокоронарное шунтирование: клинико-нейропсихологические и нейровизуализационные аспекты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Портик</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Portik</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgaportik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царевская</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsarevskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимцев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimtsev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанов</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanov</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Akkuratov St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Portik O.A., Tsarevskaya Y.N., Efimtsev A.Y., Alekseeva T.M., Trufanov G.E., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Портик О.А., Царевская Ю.Н., Ефимцев А.Ю., Алексеева Т.М., Труфанов Г.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Portik O.A., Tsarevskaya Y.N., Efimtsev A.Y., Alekseeva T.M., Trufanov G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1170">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1170</self-uri><abstract><p>Posthypoxic encephalopathy is a frequent complication after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), which includes stroke, early postoperative delirium, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (PCD). The more pronounced prevalence and severity of the latter during surgery using extracorporeal circulation are currently being discussed.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to analyze various types of cerebral dysfunction in patients undergoing CABG and to determine the role of perioperative factors in its development.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 53 patients who had undergone elective CABG for coronary heart disease. Group 1 included 20 patients who had undergone beating-heart surgery; Group 2 comprised 33 patients, in whom CABG had been performed using extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Neuropsychological testing and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (structural and functional techniques) were carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Posthypoxic encephalopathy was diagnosed in 10 and 67% of patients in Group 1 and 2, respectively (p=0.05); these were precisely all the three types of brain dysfunction which were observed in Group 2 patients. Factors, such as over 70 years of age; median level of education; smoking; body mass index &gt;30 kg/m2 ; ejection fraction &lt;50%; class III effort angina; &gt;210-min surgery duration; &gt;55-min aortic ligation; and &gt;115-min ECC, showed a statistically significant association with the onset of PCD (p&lt;0.05). In Group 2, MRI revealed a weaker positive functional relationship of the medial prefrontal cortex with the posterior cingulate gyrus (&lt;0.005); 18% of patients were found to have acute ischemic zones.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Surgical myocardial revascularization using ECC is associated with a greater likelihood of PCD than beating-heart CABG. The factors that favored the development of PCD, such as increased age, low preoperative cognitive status, smoking, and long-term use of ECC, were identified when applying ECC. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Постгипоксическая энцефалопатия является частым осложнением аортокоронарного шунтирования (АКШ), включающим в себя инсульт, делирий раннего послеоперационного периода, послеоперационную когнитивную дисфункцию (ПОКД). Обсуждаются более выраженные распространенность и тяжесть ПОКД при проведении операции с использованием аппарата искусственного кровообращения (АИК).</p><p>Цель исследования – анализ различных типов мозговой дисфункции у пациентов, перенесших АКШ, и определение роли в ее развитии периоперационных факторов.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 53 пациента, перенесших АКШ по поводу ишемической болезни сердца в плановом порядке. В 1-ю группу вошли 20 пациентов, оперированных на работающем сердце; во 2-ю группу – 33 пациента, у которых шунтирование выполнялось с использованием АИК. Проводились нейропсихологическое тестирование и магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) головного мозга (структурные и функциональные методики).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Постгипоксическая энцефалопатия диагностирована у 10% пациентов 1-й группы и у 67% больных 2-й группы (р=0,05), причем именно у пациентов 2-й группы наблюдались все три типа мозговой дисфункции. Такие факторы, как возраст старше 70 лет, средний уровень образования, курение, индекс массы тела &gt;30 кг/м2 , фракция выброса &lt;50%, стенокардия напряжения III класса, длительность операции &gt;210 мин, пережатия аорты &gt;55 мин, работы АИК &gt;115 мин, продемонстрировали статистически значимую связь с появлением ПОКД (р&lt;0,05). Во 2-й группе при выполнении МРТ отмечалось ослабление положительной функциональной связи медиальной префронтальной коры с задним отделом поясной извилины (&lt;0,005), у 18% пациентов выявлены зоны острой ишемии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Хирургическая реваскуляризация миокарда с использованием АИК сопровождается более высокой вероятностью возникновения ПОКД, чем АКШ на работающем сердце. При использовании АИК выявлены следующие факторы, способствующие развитию ПОКД: увеличение возраста, низкий когнитивный статус до операции, курение, длительное использование АИК. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постгипоксическая энцефалопатия</kwd><kwd>инсульт в кардиохирургии</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>искусственное кровообращение</kwd><kwd>работающее сердце</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>posthypoxic encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>stroke in cardiac surgery</kwd><kwd>postoperative cognitive dysfunction</kwd><kwd>extracorporeal circulation</kwd><kwd>beating heart</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суханов СГ, Марченко АВ, Мялюк ПА и др. Предикторы цереброваскулярных нарушений у пациентов после операции коронарного шунтирования. Альманах клинической медицины. 2015;(38):58-63. doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2015-38-58-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sukhanov SG, Marchenko AV, Myaluk PA, et al. Predictors of cerebrovascular disorders in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery. Al'manakh klinicheskoy meditsiny. 2015;(38): 58-63. (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2015-38-58-63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, et al. AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: executive summary: a report of the American college of cardiology foundation/ American heart association task force on practice guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Jan;143(1):4-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011. 10.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, et al. AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: executive summary: a report of the American college of cardiology foundation/ American heart association task force on practice guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Jan;143(1):4-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011. 10.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цыган НВ, Одинак ММ, Хубулава ГГ и др. Послеоперационная мозговая дисфункция. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2017;117(4):34-39. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20171174134-39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsygan NV, Odinak MM, Khubulava GG, et al. Postoperative cerebral dysfunction. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2017;117(4):34-39. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17116/jnevro20171174134-39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бокерия ЛА, Голухова ЕЗ, Полунина АГ и др. Конитивные функции после операций с искусственным кровообращением в раннем и отдаленном послеоперационном периоде. Креативная кардиология. 2011;(1): 71-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bokeriya LA, Golukhova EZ, Polunina AG, et al. Conductive functions after operations with artificial circulation in the early and distant postoperative period. Kreativnaya kardiologiya. 2011;(1):71-88. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evered LA, Silbert BS, Scott DA, et al. Prevalence of dementia 7.5 years after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Anesthesiology. 2016 Jul;125(1):62-71. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evered LA, Silbert BS, Scott DA, et al. Prevalence of dementia 7.5 years after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Anesthesiology. 2016 Jul;125(1):62-71. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001143.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown CH, Faigle R, Klinker L, et al. The association of brain MRI characteristics and postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients. Clin Ther. 2015 Dec;37(12):2686-2699. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.10.021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown CH, Faigle R, Klinker L, et al. The association of brain MRI characteristics and postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients. Clin Ther. 2015 Dec;37(12):2686-2699. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.10.021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Помешкина СА, Боровик ИВ, Крупянко ЕВ и др. Приверженность к медикаментозной терапии больных ишемической болезнью сердца, подвергшихся коронарному шунтированию. Сибирский медицинский журнал. 2013;28(4):71-76.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pomeshkina SA, Borovik IV, Krupyanko EV, et al. Adherence to drug therapy of patients with coronary heart disease undergoing coronary bypass surgery. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2013;28(4):71-76. (in Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Damoiseaux JS, Rombouts SA, Barkhof F, et al. Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 12;103(37):13848-53. Epub 2006 Aug 31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Damoiseaux JS, Rombouts SA, Barkhof F, et al. Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 12;103(37):13848-53. Epub 2006 Aug 31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raichle ME. The brain’s default mode network. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2015 Jul 8;38:433-47. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030. Epub 2015 May 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raichle ME. The brain’s default mode network. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2015 Jul 8;38:433-47. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014030. Epub 2015 May 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van den Heuvel MP, Sporns O. An anatomical substrate for integration among functional networks in human cortex. J Neurosci. 2013 Sep 4;33(36):14489-500. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2128-13.2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van den Heuvel MP, Sporns O. An anatomical substrate for integration among functional networks in human cortex. J Neurosci. 2013 Sep 4;33(36):14489-500. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2128-13.2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kowalewski M, Pawliszak W, Malvindi PG, et al. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting improves short-term outcomes in high-risk patients compared with on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: Meta-analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Jan;151(1):60-77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kowalewski M, Pawliszak W, Malvindi PG, et al. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting improves short-term outcomes in high-risk patients compared with on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: Meta-analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Jan;151(1):60-77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuan SM, Lin H. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2019 Jan-Feb; 34(1):76-84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuan SM, Lin H. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2019 Jan-Feb; 34(1):76-84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Altarabsheh SE, Deo SV, Rababa'h AM, et al. Off-pump coronary artery bypass reduces early stroke in octogenarians: a meta-analysis of 18,000 patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2015 Mar; 99(5):1568-1575. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur. 2014.12.057.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Altarabsheh SE, Deo SV, Rababa'h AM, et al. Off-pump coronary artery bypass reduces early stroke in octogenarians: a meta-analysis of 18,000 patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2015 Mar; 99(5):1568-1575. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur. 2014.12.057.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шонбин АН, Быстров ДО, Заволожин АС и др. Современный подход к стратификации риска кардиохирургических операций по шкалам EuroScore и EuroScore II. Экология человека. 2012;(3):28-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shonbin AN, Bystrov DO, Zavolozhin AS, et al. Modern approach to risk stratification of cardiosurgery operations on the EuroScore and EuroScore II scales. Ekologiya cheloveka. 2012;(3):28-31. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин ЕА, Постнов ВГ, Васяткина АГ и др. Послеоперационные когнитивные дисфункции в кардиохирургии: патогенез, морфофункциональные корреляты, диагностика. Сибирский научный медицинский журнал. 2013;33(4):90-106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin EA, Postnov VG, Vasyatkina AG, et al. Postoperative cognitive dysfunctions in cardiosurgery: pathogenesis, morphofunctional correlates, diagnostics. Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal. 2013;33(4):90-106. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loberman D, Consalvi C, Healey A, et al. Adverse сerebral щutcomes after сoronary artery bypass surgery-more than a decade of experience in a single center. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Sep;66(6):452-456.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loberman D, Consalvi C, Healey A, et al. Adverse сerebral щutcomes after сoronary artery bypass surgery-more than a decade of experience in a single center. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Sep;66(6):452-456.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дайникова ЕИ, Пизова НВ. Когнитивный резерв и когнитивные нарушения: лекарственные и нелекарственные методы коррекции. Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика. 2014;6(2S):62-8. doi: 10.14412/2074-2711-2014-2S-62-68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dainikova EI, Pizova NV. Cognitive reserve and cognitive impairment: medicinal and non-drug correction methods. Nevrologiya, neiropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2014;6(2S):62-8. (In Russ.). doi: 10.14412/2074-2711-2014-2S-62-68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цыган НВ, Андреев РВ, Пелешок АС и др. Послеоперационная мозговая дисфункция при хирургических операциях на клапанах сердца в условиях искусственного кровообращения. Вестник Российской военно-медицинской академии. 2015;50(2):198-203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тsygan NV, Andreev RV, Peleshok AS, et al. Postoperative cerebral dysfunction in heart valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Vestnik Rossiiskoi voenno-meditsinskoi akademii. 2015; 50(2):198-203. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sala-Llonch R, Bartres-Faz D, Junque C. Reorganization of brain networks in aging: A review of functional connectivity studies. Front Psychol. 2015 May 21;6:663. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00663. eCollection 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sala-Llonch R, Bartres-Faz D, Junque C. Reorganization of brain networks in aging: A review of functional connectivity studies. Front Psychol. 2015 May 21;6:663. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00663. eCollection 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dennis EL, Thompson PM. Functional brain connectivity using fMRI in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychol Rev. 2014 Mar;24(1):49-62. doi: 10.1007/s11065-014-9249-6. Epub 2014 Feb 23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dennis EL, Thompson PM. Functional brain connectivity using fMRI in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychol Rev. 2014 Mar;24(1):49-62. doi: 10.1007/s11065-014-9249-6. Epub 2014 Feb 23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi SH, Lee H, Chung TS, et al. Neural network functional connectivity during and after an episode of delirium. Am J Psychiatry. 2012 May;169(5):498-507. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11060976.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi SH, Lee H, Chung TS, et al. Neural network functional connectivity during and after an episode of delirium. Am J Psychiatry. 2012 May;169(5):498-507. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.11060976.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meunier D, Lambiotte R, Fornito A, et al. Hierarchical modularity in human brain functional networks. Front Neuroinform. 2009 Oct 30; 3:37. doi: 10.3389/neuro.11.037.2009. eCollection 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meunier D, Lambiotte R, Fornito A, et al. Hierarchical modularity in human brain functional networks. Front Neuroinform. 2009 Oct 30; 3:37. doi: 10.3389/neuro.11.037.2009. eCollection 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Browndyke JN, Berger M, Harshbarger TB, et al. Resting-state functional connectivity and cognition after major cardiac surgery in older adults without preoperative cognitive impairment: preliminary findings. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017 Jan;65(1):e6-e12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Browndyke JN, Berger M, Harshbarger TB, et al. Resting-state functional connectivity and cognition after major cardiac surgery in older adults without preoperative cognitive impairment: preliminary findings. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017 Jan;65(1):e6-e12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
