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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2019-1-21-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Change in the content of titin and nebulin and their phosphorylation level in the quadriceps femoris muscle in chronic alcoholic myopathy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменение содержания и уровня фосфорилирования титина и небулина в четырехглавой мышце бедра при хронической алкогольной миопатии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиновьева</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinovyeva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета  </p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Faculty of General Medicine </p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самхаева</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samkhaeva</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нюдля Дорджиевна Самхаева</p><p>Клиника нервных болезней</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nyudlya Dordzhievna Samkhaeva</p><p>Clinic of Nervous System Diseases</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samkhaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вихлянцев</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vikhlyantsev</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, ул. Институтская, 3, </p><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, проспект Науки, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уланова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulanova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, ул. Институтская, 3, </p><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, проспект Науки, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, ул. Институтская, 3, </p><p>142290, Московская область, Пущино, проспект Науки, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеглова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcheglova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клиника нервных болезней</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinic of Nervous System Diseases</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаков</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakov</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова,1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клиника нервных болезней</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinic of Nervous System Diseases</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носовский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosovsky</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123007, Москва, Хорошевское шоссе, 76А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Пущинский государственный естественно-научный институт», Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Пущинский государственный естественно-научный институт», Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences&#13;
Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Ministry of Education and Science of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Обособленное структурное подразделение «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Separate Structural Unit «Acad. Yu.E. Veltishchev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics», &#13;
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Институт медико-биологических проблем РАН»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Center of the Russian Federation, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Zinovyeva O.E., Samkhaeva N.D., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Ulanova A.D., Mikhailova G.Z., Shcheglova N.S., Kazakov D.O., Emelyanova A.Y., Nosovsky A.M., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зиновьева О.Е., Самхаева Н.Д., Вихлянцев И.М., Уланова А.Д., Михайлова Г.З., Щеглова Н.С., Казаков Д.О., Емельянова А.Ю., Носовский А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zinovyeva O.E., Samkhaeva N.D., Vikhlyantsev I.M., Ulanova A.D., Mikhailova G.Z., Shcheglova N.S., Kazakov D.O., Emelyanova A.Y., Nosovsky A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1042">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1042</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the structural and functional state of skeletal muscles in the hip, as well as changes in the content of the sarcomere cytoskeleton proteins titin and nebulin and their phosphorylation level in patients with chronic alcohol intoxication.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. Thirteen patients (4 men and 9 women; mean age, 38.9±9.9 years) with chronic alcohol intoxication were examined. The average duration of regular consumption of alcoholic beverages was 7.6±3.7 years. The mean amount of alcohol consumed per week was 48.2±13.1 units. A control group included 10 healthy volunteers matched for age and sex. A neurological examination was performed according to the generally accepted scheme. Laboratory tests involved blood biochemical analysis estimating the levels of liver enzymes, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). All the patients underwent hip magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by assessment of the degree of muscle tissue damage and by determination of the volume of anterior and posterior thigh muscles. The content of titin and nebulin and their phosphorylation level were determined in the muscle tissue samples obtained by an open biopsy from the lateral head of the quadriceps femoris muscle.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Four (30.8%) patients were found to have proximal leg muscle weakness; the degree of paresis was the same in the anterior and posterior thigh muscles. There was a significant increase in the plasma level of liver enzymes; the CPK level remained within the reference values; there was a tendency towards lower IGF-1 levels. Analysis of MRI data showed that 7 (53.8%) patients had fatty degeneration in the thigh muscles. Quantitative evaluation ascertained a significant symmetrical decrease in the volume of anterior thigh muscles and a tendency towards a symmetrical reduction in that in the posterior thigh muscle compared to the control. Analysis of the content of titin and nebulin in the lateral head of the quadriceps femoris muscle revealed a significant decrease in the percentage of nebulin (81.1%; p &lt; 0.01) and intact titin-1 (T1) isoforms (83.6%; p &lt; 0.01). The percentage of proteolytic titin-2 (T2) fragments in the muscle of patients did not differ significantly from that in the control group. Estimating the phosphorylation level of the structural muscle proteins showed no significant differences when compared to the control.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Anterior and posterior thigh muscle weakness should be considered as the main clinical manifestation of chronic alcoholic myopathy (CAM) in the absence of biochemical and neurophysiological markers of the disease. Lower extremity muscle MRI that can reveal a lower muscle volume concurrent with fatty degeneration is a non-invasive informative diagnostic technique for CAM. The pathogenesis of skeletal muscle atrophy in chronic alcohol intoxication involves the sarcomere structural proteins titin and nebulin, which regulate the interaction of the major contractile proteins actin and myosin, and whole muscle contraction.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – оценка структурно-функционального состояния скелетных мышц бедра, а также изменений в содержании и уровне фосфорилирования белков саркомерного цитоскелета титина и небулина у пациентов с хронической алкогольной интоксикацией.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Обследовано 13 пациентов с хронической алкогольной интоксикацией (4 мужчины и 9 женщин, средний возраст 38,9±9,9 года). Средняя длительность регулярного утребления спиртных напитков – 7,6±3,7 года. Среднее количество алкоголя, употребляемого в неделю, – 48,2±13,1 ед. В контрольную группу вошли 10 здоровых добровольцев, сопоставимых по возрасту и полу. Неврологическое обследование проводилось по общепринятой схеме. Лабораторные исследования включали: биохимический анализ крови с исследованием уровня печеночных ферментов, креатинфосфокиназы (КФК), инсулиноподобного фактора роста-1 (IGF-1). Всем пациентам проведена магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) мышц бедра с последующей оценкой степени поражения мышечной ткани и определением объема передней и задней групп мышц бедра. В образцах мышечной ткани, полученных путем открытой биопсии из латеральной головки четырехглавой мышцы бедра, определяли содержание и уровень фосфорилирования титина и небулина.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. У 4 (30,8%) пациентов выявлена мышечная слабость в проксимальных отделах ног, степень пареза была одинаковой в передней и задней группах мышц бедра. Определялось достоверное повышение уровня печеночных ферментов в плазме крови, уровень КФК оставался в пределах референсных значений, отмечалась тенденция к снижению содержания IGF-1. Анализ данных МРТ показал наличие жировой дегенерации мышц бедра у 7 (53,8%) пациентов. При количественной оценке установлены достоверное симметричное уменьшение объема мышц бедра передней группы и тенденция к симметричному уменьшению объема мышц бедра задней группы по сравнению с контролем. Анализ содержания титина и небулина в латеральной головке четырехглавой мышцы бедра выявил достоверное уменьшение процентного содержания небулина (81,1%; p&lt;0,01) и изоформ интактного титина Т1 (83,6%; p&lt;0,01). Процентное содержание протеолитических Т2-фрагментов титина в мышце пациентов достоверно не отличалось от такового в группе контроля. При оценке уровня фосфорилирования структурных мышечных белков не отмечено достоверных различий с контролем.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Слабость передней и задней групп мышц бедра следует рассматривать в качестве основного клинического проявления хронической алкогольной миопатии (ХрАМ) при отсутствии биохимических и нейрофизиологических маркеров заболевния. МРТ мышц нижних конечностей, позволяющая выявить уменьшение объема мышц в сочетании с жировой дегенерацией, относится к информативным неинвазивным методам диагностики ХрАМ. В патогенезе атрофического процесса скелетных мышц при хронической алкогольной интоксикации задействованы структурные белки саркомера – титин и небулин, регулирующие взаимодействие основных сократительных белков – актина и миозина – и мышечное сокращение в целом.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая алкогольная миопатия</kwd><kwd>инсулиноподобный фактор роста-1</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография скелетных мышц бедра</kwd><kwd>изоформы титина</kwd><kwd>небулин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic alcoholic myopathy</kwd><kwd>insulin-like growth factor-1</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging of hip skeletal muscles</kwd><kwd>titin isoforms</kwd><kwd>nebulin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lang CH, Frost RA, Deshpande N, et al. 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