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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2018-4-129-138</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Use of valproate and carbamazepine in the therapy of epilepsy (guidelines for the practitioner)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение вальпроата и карбамазепина в терапии эпилепсии (в помощь практическому врачу)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Николаевич Власов - кафедра нервных болезней лечебного факультета.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of General Medicine.</p><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vpn_neuro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>138</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Vlasov P.N., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власов П.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasov P.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1008">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1008</self-uri><abstract><p>The paper gives comparative data on the efficacy and tolerability of valproic acid (VA, valproate) and carbamazepine (CBZ) for different types of epilepsy and seizures in different age and clinical groups. The results of studies suggest that despite a more than 50-year history of their effective use, the extended-release formulations of VA and CBZ remain the drugs of first choice for many types of epilepsy.</p><p>CBZ is effective for focal epilepsy and isolated generalized tonic-clonic seizures. However, its use is substantially limited by properties, such as cytochrome P450 induction and autoinduction, high drug-drug interactions, the aggravation of absences, negative myoclonus, myoclonic and atonic seizures, an effect on the profile of steroid sex hormones, elevated concentrations of atherogenic lipids and cholesterol, myocardial conduction disorders, and hyponatremia.</p><p>Due to the multiple mechanism of action, VA is prescribed for almost all types of epilepsy and seizures in patients of different ages. VA should not be used (if the clinical situation allows) in women of childbearing age, in some infantile epileptic encephalopathy, inherited metabolic diseases, and chromosomal abnormalities. Effectiveness against different types of seizures and epilepsy, good tolerability, minimal aggravation risk, high retention rate of monotherapy, the presence of a variety of dosage forms, and favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles still make VA essential in many clinical situations.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приведены сравнительные данные об эффективности и переносимости вальпроевой кислоты (ВК, вальпроат) и карбамазепина (КБЗ) при разных формах эпилепсии и типах припадков в разных возрастных и клинических группах. Результаты исследований свидетельствуют о том, что пролонгированные формы ВК и КБЗ, несмотря на более чем 50-летнюю историю эффективного применения, остаются препаратами первого выбора при многих формах эпилепсии.</p><p>КБЗ эффективен при фокальной эпилепсии и изолированных генерализованных тонико-клонических припадках. Однако его использование существенно ограничивают такие свойства, как индукция цитохрома Р450, аутоиндукция, высокий уровень лекарственных взаимодействий, аггравация абсансов, негативного миоклонуса, миоклонических и атонических приступов, влияние на профиль стероидных половых гормонов, повышение концентрации атерогенных липидов и холестерина, нарушение проводимости миокарда и гипонатриемия.</p><p>Благодаря множественному механизму действия ВК назначают практически при любых формах эпилепсии и типах припадков у пациентов разного возраста. ВК не следует использовать (если позволяет клиническая ситуация) у женщин детородного возраста, при некоторых эпилептических энцефалопатиях младенческого возраста, наследственных болезнях обмена и хромосомных аномалиях. Эффективность в отношении разных типов припадков и форм эпилепсии, хорошая переносимость, минимальный риск аггравации, высокий процент удержания на монотерапии, наличие разнообразных лекарственных форм, благоприятный фармакокинетический и фармакодинамический профиль по-прежнему делают ВК незаменимой во многих клинических ситуациях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противоэпилептические препараты</kwd><kwd>вальпроат</kwd><kwd>карбамазепин</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>переносимость</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия у детей</kwd><kwd>взрослых</kwd><kwd>идиопатическая</kwd><kwd>генетическая</kwd><kwd>фокальная</kwd><kwd>структурная</kwd><kwd>эпилептические энцефалопатии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antiepileptic drugs</kwd><kwd>valproate</kwd><kwd>carbamazepine</kwd><kwd>efficacy</kwd><kwd>tolerability</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>childhood</kwd><kwd>adult</kwd><kwd>idiopathic</kwd><kwd>genetic</kwd><kwd>focal</kwd><kwd>structural epilepsy</kwd><kwd>epileptic encephalopathy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Санофи-авентис груп,  АО</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO Resolution, 26 May 2015. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA68/A68_R20 -ru.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Resolution, 26 May 2015. http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA68/A68_R20-ru.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусев ЕИ, Гехт АБ, Хаузер ВА и др. 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